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WRENCH.

No. 275,079. Patented Apr. 3,1883.

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INVENTOR $54M fi fiaiw 23 62 1:2 ATTORNEYS PhMoLflhngnpher, wmfum". n.c.

' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

OSCAR E. H. N. REIOHLING, OF MARION, INDIANA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TOGEORGE H. STUART AND CHARLES E. ERNEST, BOTH OF SAME PLACE.

WRENC'H.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 275,079, dated April 3,1883.

Applicationfiled January 2, 1883. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that 1,0SGAR E. H. N. REICH-LING, a citizen of the United Statesof America, residing at Marion, inthe county of Grant and State of Indiana, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Ratchet- Wrenches, of which the following is aspecification, reference being had therein to the ac- .companyingdrawings.

This invention has relation to improvements in that class of devicesknown as ratchetwrenches and it consists in the construction and novelarrangement of the pivoted handle, the spring-dog applied thereto, inconnection with the ratchet on the stem of the grooved plate,and thewrench-jaws operated by means of a right-and-left screw; and theinvention further consists in the combination of various parts of whichit is composed, as will be hereinafter more fully explained.

The annexed drawings, to which reference is made, fully illustrate myinvention, inwhich- Figure 1 represents a side view of my improvedwrench. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the same. Fig. 3 is anend view. Figs.

4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 are detail views of the various partsdetached from the wrench.

Referringto the accompanying drawings, the

letter A designates the handle of the wrench,

0 which is provided with a passage, a, from one end to the other end toreceive a shank, b,

that is screw-threaded on its outer end to receive a nut, a, and on theopposite end of said shank and a part thereof is a ferrule, b, that 3 5is provided with a horizontal slot, 0, and a T- head of circular form,and slotted, as shown at 0, to engage a lug, d, on the upper and outerface of the hollow stem d, that is a part of a forked head, B. Said headhas an upper ex- 0 tension, 0, that is vertically screw-threaded abouthalf its thickness, leaving the remaining half-thickness with a smoothhole of less diameter than that of the screw portion. The

lower extension, 0, of the head B is shorter in 4 5 length than theupper extension, and it is formed with a semicircular bearing, f,adapted to partially encircle the stem j,- thatis provided with theratchet-teeth g and the grooved plate 9. The upper end of said stem fhas a vertical hole or pivot-bearing, h, and the plate 9' is providedwith a recess, h, on its under side, to receive a drill, which will befurther herein explained.

O 0 indicate wrench-jaws, which are cut away at it, and are providedwith female screwthreads tt", being right-hand thread in one jaw and aleft-hand thread in the opposite jaw. Each jaw O G is constructed withadovetail head, k 76, on its upper face, that works smoothlyin thecorrespondingdovetail grooves, 7c 70, in the under side of the plate 9aforesaid.

D represents a right-and-left screw, that has in its center a millednut, m, which works in a notch, m, made in the under face of the plate9, which notch serves to keep said nut m in place when the screw D isoperating the jaws aforesaid, as shown in the drawings.

E indicates the ratchet-dog, which is provided at one end with abevel-head, a, and on the opposite end with a thumb-nut, a, that isscrewed thereon. and on the stem p of said dog is placed a coil-spring,1), one end of which bears against a shoulder, r, on said stem, whilethe opposite end of said spring bears against a shoulder, 1", on theinner end of the hollow stem d, as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings.

Having thus given a description of the various parts of which my wrenchis composed, I will now proceed and explain the manner in which it isoperated.

In working my wrench the nut m is to be turned in one direction, thusrevolving the screw D, thereby causing the jaws O (l to slide in thedovetail grooves 70 k and toward each other, thus clamping a nut, afterwhich the handle A is grasped by the operator and given a backward andforward movement, thus in the forward movement, by means of the dog E,

acting upon the teeth of the ratchet g, causingin the following manner.

described by reversing the bevel-head a to act in an opposite directionupon the ratchet. The reversing movement of said dog is efi'ected Thethumb-nut n is drawn outward, thus carrying therewith the stem 10,thereby releasing the head a from engagement with the teeth of theratchet. The handle A is then given a half of a revolution, carryingtherewith the thumb-nut, at the same time bringing the bevel of the headto the 0pposite side of its former position, and by means of the lug atworking in the slot 0, said turn of the handle is stopped at the propertime by the cross-bar s of the T- head aforesaid COllling in contactwith the lug 0?, when the bevelhead of the dog will again engage theratchet, and by the springp be held against the same.

It will be observed that the revolving movement of the jaws, plate, andratchetis permitted by the end of the screw 8 entering the vertical holeh in the upper end of the stem f, and forming a pivotal connection withthe lower semicircular extension, 6', acting upon the stem aforesaid,and the flange t of the ratchet serves to connect the parts Bf E gtogether.

It will be further seen that I can convert my wrench into aratchet-drill. This is accomplished by removing the jaws G G and screw Dand inserting a drill-tool into the hole h in the plate g, and removingthe pivotal screw 3 and inserting in its stead a similar screw, it, thathas a pointed or pivotal head, to, for drilling purposes. Again, it willbe noticed that my wrench is easily taken apart, and it is durable,easily operated, and at the same time cheap to manufacture.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a ratchet-wrench, the shank b and ferrule b, constructed of onepiece of metal, and provided with the slot 0 and T-head, slotted end 0,in combination with the dog E, forked head B, ratchet g, and plate 9, asshown,and for the purposes set forth.

2. The com bination,with the head B, having the upper extension andlower semicircular extension, and stem 61, provided with the lug d, ofthe ferrule b, slotted at c a, handle A,

ratchet 9, dog E, and plate 9, as shown and described.

3. The combination, as herein described, withthe slotted ferrule 12, dogE, operated by the spring 9, the head B, constructed as described, theratchet g, and plate 9, having the recess h to receive a drill-tool, ofthe jaws O G and screw D, as and for the purposes set forth.

4. In a convertible wrench, the combination, with the ratchet 9, head B,having the spring-dog E, slotted ferrule b, and handle A, of the plateg,provided with the recess h for holding a drill-tool, and the pointedhead or pivotal screw 15, as shown and described, and for the purposesspecified.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

OSCAR E. H. N. REIOHLING.

Witnesses CHARLES E. ERNEST,

hls WILLIAM G. x WILLIAMS.

mark. Attest:

WM. H. IRVINE.

